Method

Direct immunofluorescence (IF) is a method that allows detection of the presence and localization of complement C3 in a skin fragment using fluorescent labels.

Description

The complement system plays a key role in the development of various dermatological diseases. Excessive activation or deficiency of complement regulatory proteins is often associated with skin pathology. Autoimmune processes accompanied by the formation of autoantibodies and the cytotoxic effect of the membrane attack complex can lead to damage of epidermal cells and blood vessels, causing inflammation in diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, and bullous dermatoses (pemphigoid).

Indications

Pemphigoid
Pemphigus
Linear IgA Dermatitis
Acquired Bullous Epidermolysis
Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Preparation

Skin biopsy is performed from an erythematous (healthy) area surrounding a fresh blister. For oral cavity biopsy, mucosa without pathological changes should be taken. The accompanying documents must specify the biopsy site, probable diagnosis, and list of tests.

Transport

The material is transported in saline solution (Michels Medium) or by deep freezing (-20 °C or below).

Clinical Significance

This test is important for diagnosing acquired bullous skin diseases, particularly Acquired Bullous Epidermolysis (ABE) – an autoimmune subepidermal bullous disorder based on damage to type VII collagen. Clinically, ABE manifests as blister formation on areas exposed to mechanical stress, with erythema and tense bullae development. The analysis helps differentiate ABE from other bullous dermatoses, such as bullous pemphigoid.

Direct immunofluorescence, C32026

Specifications

Viewed tests

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