Tuna is a wild fish found in tropical and subtropical oceans. It is widely distributed in the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans. Tuna allergy occurs due to oral consumption or contact with allergens during preparation. The main allergenic component is parvalbumin (Thu a1), a heat-stable muscle protein of tuna. Patients allergic to tuna may have cross-reactivity with other fish species such as salmon and cod, as well as with mollusks and crustaceans.
Tuna is a source of allergens that can cause a range of allergic reactions: from mild symptoms (oral allergy syndrome, erythema) to severe (angioedema, anaphylaxis). Tuna parvalbumin is a panallergen responsible for cross-reactivity among different fish species. Tuna allergy often persists lifelong, so patients are advised to avoid consuming tuna and contact with fish.
FEIA (Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay), ImmunoCAP (Solid-phase Immunofluorescence) – quantitative determination of sensitization level.
Please note that the research method and reference values may vary depending on the equipment and test systems used.