Gly m4 is the main soy allergen component for patients with birch pollen allergy, explaining the cross-reaction to soy in adults. It is a panallergen from the PR-10 group with a molecular weight of 17 kDa. The concentration of Gly m4 varies in different soy products depending on soy content, processing, and heating. Sensitization to Gly m4 can cause oral allergy syndrome, gastrointestinal, respiratory symptoms, and anaphylaxis after soy consumption. Gly m4 cross-reacts with allergens from other legumes and pollen allergen components such as Bet v1, Aln g1, Ara h8, Cor a1.01, Mal d1, and others.
Soybeans are part of the "big eight" food allergens causing 90% of food allergies. Gly m4 is a homolog of Bet v1 and is responsible for soy allergy associated with birch pollen, especially in regions with high birch sensitization rates. This allergen component is an important marker for diagnosing severe allergic reactions to soy, oral allergy syndrome, and systemic reactions. Cross-reactivity between Gly m4 and peanut and other legume allergens is also noted.
FEIA (Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay), ImmunoCAP (Solid-phase Immunofluorescence) – quantitative determination.
Please note that the research method and reference values may vary depending on the equipment and test systems used.