Green apple is a common allergen from the Rosaceae family, often causing food allergy. Symptoms can range from oral allergy syndrome to severe systemic reactions such as anaphylaxis. The main allergenic components Mal d1, Mal d2, Mal d3, and Mal d4 are identified, which have cross-reactivity with birch pollen, other fruits, and plants.
Allergenic components Mal d 1–4 play a key role in the development of apple allergy. Mal d1 is the primary allergen with high cross-reactivity to birch pollen Bet v1. Mal d3 is more common in the Mediterranean region and is stable to heat treatment. Detecting sensitization to this allergen helps accurately diagnose allergy, determine reaction risk, and select effective treatment.
FEIA (Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay, ImmunoCAP) – quantitative determination of the allergen.
Please note that the research method and reference values may vary depending on the equipment and test systems used.