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Diamine oxidase (DAO), concentration

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Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an enzyme containing two copper atoms and vitamin B6. It is responsible for breaking down histamine and other biogenic amines such as cadaverine, feruloylputrescine, dopamine, phenylethylamine, putrescine, serotonin, spermidine, spermine, synephrine, tryptamine, tyramine, noradrenaline, and others.

Histamine plays an important role in the immune, digestive, and central nervous systems, acting as a neurotransmitter and a component of gastric acid. It participates in the body's inflammatory response by dilating blood vessels for rapid reaction to infections or allergens.

The DAO enzyme breaks down histamine, preventing its accumulation. If DAO is insufficiently active, histamine accumulates in the body, leading to histamine intolerance. This can be caused by medications, medical conditions, diet, or nutrient deficiencies.

Testing DAO concentration helps diagnose histamine intolerance, aiding in selecting appropriate treatment and diet.

  • Diagnosis of histamine intolerance.
  • Differential diagnosis of histamine intolerance from IgE-mediated allergy and chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis).
  • Monitoring disease progression, therapy control, and histamine-free diet adherence.

ELISA (EIA) (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) – quantitative determination.

Please note that the research method and reference values may vary depending on the equipment and test systems used.

  • Blood should be drawn in the morning on an empty stomach or 12 hours after eating.
  • Drink 1-2 glasses of plain still water shortly before blood collection.
  • Avoid fatty foods and alcohol 24 hours before the test.
  • Avoid physical exertion and psycho-emotional stress on the day of the test.
  • Do not smoke for 3 hours before the test.
  • For children under 1 year old — do not feed 30-40 minutes before the test; for children aged 1-5 years — 2-3 hours fasting.
  • Blood collection is recommended before medication intake. If not possible, indicate medication use.

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